Surveying III - Trigonometric Levelling
Rotation of Rigid Bodies
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Basic Hydraulics - Hydrostatics Numericals
Buoyancy : The tendency for wholly or partially immersed body to be lifted up in a liquid (or any fluid) due to an upward force is known as buoyancy. Buoyant force or upthrust: The force tending to lift up the body when it is wholly or partially immersed in liquid (or any fluid) is called buoyant force or upthrust. It is determined by Archimedes’ principle which states that,“ when a body is wholly or partially immersed in a liquid (or any fluid), it is lifted up by a force which is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body”. Buoyant force or Upthrust = weight of fluid displaced by body Centre of buoyancy : The point of application of force of buoyancy on a body is known as the center of buoyancy. It is located at the center of mass of the displaced liquid. Types of fluid : i. ...
Engineering Physics I - Refraction Through Lenses
Refraction Through Lenses Lens: A lens is an object usually made of glass bounded by one or two spherical surfaces. Types of lens a . Convex lens or converging lens A lens is said to be converging lens if the width of beam decreases after refracting through it. It is thick at the middle and thin at the edge. b. Concave lens or diverging lens A lens is said to be diverging lens if the width of beam increases after refracting through it. It is thin at the middle and thick at the edge. Some terminologies: a. Center of curvature (C) : Center of curvature of a surface of a lens is defined as the center of that sphere that forms the lens. A lens consists of two radius of curvatures (C 1 and C 2 ). a. Optical center (c) : The geometrical center of lens is called optical center of lens. b . Principal axis ...
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